What Type of Airplane Did Amelia Earhart Fly?

Amelia Earhart’s legacy as a pioneer in aviation is inseparable from the aircraft she used. Are you curious about the specific aircraft Amelia Earhart piloted during her historic flights? This article dives into the details of her Lockheed Electra 10E, exploring its specifications, modifications, and the role it played in her ambitious journey, with flyermedia.net providing further resources on aviation history and aircraft technology.

1. What Specific Airplane Model Did Amelia Earhart Fly?

Amelia Earhart flew a Lockheed Electra 10E. This twin-engine monoplane was a significant aircraft in aviation history, chosen for its range and capabilities. Let’s explore the details of this aircraft to understand why it was selected for such an ambitious journey and how it was modified to meet the demands of Earhart’s around-the-world attempt. The Lockheed Electra 10E was not just an airplane; it was a symbol of innovation and ambition in the golden age of aviation, perfectly embodying Earhart’s spirit of adventure and exploration.

1.1. Origins and Purpose of the Lockheed Electra 10E

The Lockheed Electra Model 10 was designed as a small, medium-range airliner by the Lockheed Aircraft Company in Burbank, California. It was an all-metal, twin-engine, low-wing monoplane with retractable landing gear. In its standard configuration, it could carry a crew of two and up to ten passengers, making it a versatile aircraft for its time. The Electra was produced in five variants, with a total of 149 airplanes built between August 1934 and July 1941. Among these, fifteen were Model 10Es, with Earhart’s aircraft bearing the serial number 1055.

1.2. Unique Modifications for Earhart’s Flight

Earhart’s Electra, registered as NR16020, was not a standard model. It underwent significant modifications to prepare it for the challenging around-the-world flight. These modifications were crucial to extending its range and enhancing its navigational capabilities.

Additional Fuel Tanks: Four auxiliary fuel tanks were installed in the passenger compartment to increase the aircraft’s fuel capacity, essential for long-distance flights.
Navigator’s Station: A navigator’s station was added to the rear of the passenger compartment, providing a dedicated space for navigation equipment and activities.
Window Elimination: Passenger windows were removed to accommodate the additional fuel tanks and to streamline the aircraft’s design.
Sperry Autopilot: The installation of a Sperry autopilot system helped Earhart maintain course and altitude during long stretches of the flight, reducing pilot fatigue.
Advanced Radio Equipment: Various radio and navigation equipment were added to improve communication and navigation capabilities.
Additional Batteries: Extra batteries were included to ensure a reliable power supply for all the onboard systems.

These modifications increased the Electra’s empty weight to 7,265 pounds (3295.4 kilograms). Lockheed calculated performance data using a Maximum Takeoff Weight of 16,500 pounds (7,484.3 kilograms).

Amelia Earhart stands in the cockpit of her unfinished Lockheed Electra 10E Special, serial number 1055, at the Lockheed Aircraft Company factory, Burbank, California, 1936. (Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections)

Amelia Earhart pictured in the cockpit of her Lockheed Electra 10E during its construction in 1936.

1.3. The Cost of Adventure

The financial aspect of acquiring and modifying the Electra was significant. The Purdue Research Foundation provided $80,000 to purchase the Electra, using donations from various individuals. George Palmer Putnam, Amelia’s husband, managed the order and authorized Lockheed to proceed with the modifications in March 1936, requesting delivery in June. However, due to the extensive modifications, the Electra was not ready until mid-July, reflecting the complexity and challenges of preparing the aircraft for such an ambitious endeavor.

2. What Were the Key Features of the Lockheed Electra 10E?

The Lockheed Electra 10E, specifically tailored for Amelia Earhart’s ambitious journey, boasted several key features that set it apart from standard aircraft of its time. These features were essential for the long and challenging flight around the world. From its dimensions to its engine specifications, every aspect of the Electra 10E was carefully considered to maximize performance and reliability. Let’s delve into these key features to understand why the Electra 10E was the aircraft of choice for Earhart’s historic attempt.

2.1. Dimensions and Weight

The Lockheed Electra 10E had specific dimensions that contributed to its performance and stability. According to Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections, the aircraft measured:

Length: 38 feet, 7 inches (11.760 meters)
Wingspan: 55 feet (16.764 meters)
Height: 10 feet, 1 inch (3.074 meters)

The standard Model 10 had an empty weight of 6,454 pounds (2,927.5 kilograms) and a gross weight of 10,500 pounds (4,762.7 kilograms). However, due to the extensive modifications, Earhart’s NR16020 had an empty weight of 7,265 pounds (3295.4 kilograms). Lockheed used a Maximum Takeoff Weight of 16,500 pounds (7,484.3 kilograms) for performance calculations.

A vintage photograph shows the Lockheed Electra 10E NR16020 in 1937, highlighting its design.

2.2. Fuel and Oil Capacity

Given the long distances Earhart planned to cover, fuel capacity was a critical factor. NR16020 had a total fuel capacity of 1,151 gallons (4,357 liters) housed in ten tanks across the wings and fuselage. Additionally, 80 gallons (302.8 liters) of lubricating oil for the engines were carried in four tanks.

2.3. Engine Specifications

The Electra 10E Special was powered by two air-cooled, supercharged Pratt & Whitney Wasp S3H1 radial engines. These engines were crucial to the aircraft’s performance and reliability.

Engine Type: Pratt & Whitney Wasp S3H1 nine-cylinder radial engines
Displacement: 1,343.804 cubic inches (22.021 liters)
Compression Ratio: 6:1
Supercharger: Single-stage centrifugal supercharger
Power Output:
- 550 horsepower at 2,200 r.p.m. at 5,000 feet (1,524 meters)
- 600 horsepower at 2,250 r.p.m. for takeoff
Propellers: 9 foot, 7/8-inch (3.010 meters) diameter, two-bladed, Hamilton Standard variable-pitch, constant-speed propellers
Engine Dimensions: 4 feet, 3.60 inches (1.311 meters) in diameter and 3 feet, 7.01 inches (1.093 meters) long
Engine Weight: 865 pounds (392 kilograms)

2.4. Performance Metrics

A detailed engineering report prepared by Clarence L. (“Kelly”) Johnson provided essential data for optimizing the aircraft’s performance under heavy load. Johnson, who would later design iconic aircraft like the SR-71A Blackbird, played a crucial role in ensuring the Electra’s performance matched Earhart’s requirements. According to his report, the Electra 10E Special had:

Maximum Speed: 177 miles per hour (284.9 kilometers per hour) at Sea Level and maximum takeoff weight, a reduction of 25 miles per hour (40.2 kilometers per hour) compared to the standard model.
Maximum Range: Calculated to be 4,500 miles (7,242.1 kilometers) using 1,200 gallons (4,542.5 liters) of fuel.

Amelia Earhart with her Electra’s Pratt & Whitney Wasp S3H1 engine and Hamilton Standard propeller.

3. How Was the Lockheed Electra 10E Modified for Long-Distance Flying?

The Lockheed Electra 10E that Amelia Earhart flew was significantly modified to meet the demands of her ambitious around-the-world flight. These modifications were essential to extending its range, enhancing its navigational capabilities, and ensuring it could handle the challenges of such a long journey. The standard Lockheed Electra was already an advanced aircraft for its time, but Earhart’s version was customized to push the boundaries of what was possible.

3.1. Fuel System Enhancements

One of the most critical modifications was the enhancement of the fuel system. To cover vast distances, the Electra was fitted with additional fuel tanks.

Auxiliary Fuel Tanks: Four auxiliary fuel tanks were installed in the passenger compartment.
Total Fuel Capacity: The total fuel capacity was increased to 1,151 gallons (4,357 liters) housed in ten tanks across the wings and fuselage.

These enhancements allowed the Electra to fly much longer distances without needing to refuel, which was crucial for crossing large bodies of water and remote areas.

3.2. Navigation and Radio Equipment Upgrades

To ensure accurate navigation and communication, the Electra was equipped with advanced radio and navigation systems.

Navigator’s Station: A dedicated navigator’s station was added to the rear of the passenger compartment to facilitate precise navigation.
Western Electric Radio: The aircraft was equipped with a Western Electric Model 13C radio transmitter and a Model 20B receiver for radio communication.
Sperry GyroPilot: A Sperry GyroPilot gyroscopic automatic pilot was installed to help maintain course and altitude, reducing pilot fatigue during long flights.

These upgrades ensured that Earhart and her navigator had the tools they needed to stay on course and communicate with ground stations.

3.3. Structural and Weight Adjustments

Several structural adjustments were made to accommodate the additional equipment and fuel.

Window Removal: Passenger windows were removed to make room for the additional fuel tanks and to streamline the aircraft’s design, reducing drag.
Weight Increase: The empty weight of the aircraft increased to 7,265 pounds (3295.4 kilograms) due to the added fuel tanks and equipment.
Performance Adjustments: Clarence L. (“Kelly”) Johnson conducted wind tunnel testing and provided data to optimize takeoff, climb, and cruise performance, accounting for the increased weight.

These adjustments were essential to maintaining the aircraft’s performance and safety under the demanding conditions of the planned flight.

Amelia Earhart stands near extra fuel tanks and a radio installed in the back of her Lockheed Electra.

4. What Role Did Clarence “Kelly” Johnson Play in Preparing Earhart’s Plane?

Clarence “Kelly” Johnson, a name synonymous with groundbreaking aircraft design, played a pivotal role in preparing Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E for its ambitious journey. While still a young engineer at Lockheed, Johnson’s expertise was crucial in optimizing the aircraft for the demanding conditions it would face. His work ensured that the Electra was not only capable of flying long distances but also safe and efficient. Let’s explore Johnson’s specific contributions to understand how his early work influenced Earhart’s flight and his subsequent legendary career.

4.1. Wind Tunnel Testing and Aerodynamic Analysis

Johnson conducted extensive wind tunnel testing of the Lockheed Electra Model 10 at the University of Michigan. These tests were essential for understanding the aircraft’s aerodynamic properties and identifying areas for improvement.

Data Collection: Johnson gathered data on the aircraft’s lift, drag, and stability under various conditions.
Recommendations: Based on his findings, he made specific recommendations that were incorporated into the production airplane to enhance its performance.

4.2. Performance Optimization for Heavy Loads

One of Johnson’s key contributions was preparing a detailed engineering report that provided data for the best takeoff, climb, and cruise performance with the heavily loaded aircraft.

Takeoff Performance: Johnson’s report included data to optimize takeoff performance, crucial for an aircraft carrying a large amount of fuel and equipment.
Climb and Cruise Efficiency: He provided insights into achieving the best climb and cruise efficiency, helping to maximize the aircraft’s range.
Speed and Range Calculations: Johnson calculated that the maximum speed for the Model 10E Special at Sea Level and maximum takeoff weight was 177 miles per hour (284.9 kilometers per hour), and the maximum range was approximately 4,500 miles (7,242.1 kilometers) using 1,200 gallons of fuel.

4.3. Impact on Earhart’s Flight

Johnson’s work directly influenced the Electra’s capabilities for Earhart’s flight. His recommendations helped ensure that the aircraft could handle the increased weight and perform optimally over long distances.

Enhanced Safety: By optimizing the aircraft’s performance, Johnson helped to enhance the safety of the flight.
Extended Range: His calculations and adjustments contributed to maximizing the aircraft’s range, making the ambitious journey more feasible.

Clarence L. “Kelly” Johnson conducting wind tunnel testing of the Lockheed Electra Model 10 at the University of Michigan.

5. What Happened to the Lockheed Electra 10E During Earhart’s Round-The-World Flight?

The journey of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E was marked by both triumph and tragedy. While the aircraft was meticulously prepared for the ambitious round-the-world flight, it faced several challenges along the way. These challenges ranged from minor setbacks to significant incidents that ultimately contributed to the mystery surrounding Earhart’s disappearance. Understanding the events that occurred during the flight provides valuable context to the story of Earhart’s final journey.

5.1. Initial Success and Setbacks

Earhart’s attempt to circumnavigate the globe began with initial success, but the journey was soon fraught with difficulties.

Early Stages: The flight started smoothly, with Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, making progress across the Americas and into Africa.
Hawaii Incident: On March 20, 1937, the Electra was heavily damaged during a takeoff accident at Luke Field (NAS Ford Island), Honolulu, Hawaii. The aircraft crashed, necessitating extensive repairs.

5.2. Repairs and Modifications

Following the crash in Hawaii, the Electra was shipped back to Lockheed for extensive repairs.

Extensive Repairs: The repairs were completed by Lockheed, and the aircraft was certified as airworthy by a Bureau of Commerce inspector on May 19, 1937.
X-Ray Inspection: Lockheed engineers used X-ray equipment to scan for hidden damage during the repair process, ensuring the structural integrity of the aircraft.

5.3. The Final Flight and Disappearance

After the repairs, Earhart resumed her attempt to fly around the world.

Resumption of Flight: Earhart and Noonan departed from Lae, New Guinea, on July 2, 1937, heading for Howland Island, a small island in the central Pacific Ocean.
Loss of Communication: The Electra lost radio contact with the U.S. Coast Guard cutter Itasca, which was stationed near Howland Island to provide navigational assistance.
Disappearance: Earhart and Noonan, along with the Electra, disappeared and were never seen again. Despite numerous search efforts, no definitive wreckage of the aircraft has ever been found.

Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E Special NR16020 after it crashed on takeoff at Luke Field (NAS Ford Island), 0553, 20 March 1937.

6. What Theories Exist About the Disappearance of Amelia Earhart and Her Lockheed Electra 10E?

The disappearance of Amelia Earhart and her Lockheed Electra 10E remains one of aviation’s most enduring mysteries. Over the years, numerous theories have emerged, attempting to explain what might have happened to Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan. These theories range from plausible scenarios to more speculative explanations, each drawing on available evidence and circumstantial details. Let’s explore some of the most prominent theories to understand the different perspectives on this historical enigma.

6.1. The Crash-and-Sink Theory

The most widely accepted theory is that Earhart and Noonan ran out of fuel and crashed into the Pacific Ocean.

Navigational Errors: It is suggested that navigational errors, possibly compounded by poor weather conditions, led them off course.
Fuel Exhaustion: With limited fuel reserves, the Electra would have eventually run out of fuel, causing it to crash into the sea.
Lack of Wreckage: The lack of any substantial wreckage supports the idea that the aircraft sank into deep waters, making it difficult to locate.

6.2. The Gardner Island Hypothesis

This theory suggests that Earhart and Noonan landed on Gardner Island (now Nikumaroro) in the Republic of Kiribati.

Evidence: Proponents of this theory point to artifacts found on the island, such as aircraft parts and a woman’s shoe, as possible evidence.
Survival Efforts: It is hypothesized that Earhart and Noonan survived for a short time on the island, sending out distress signals before eventually succumbing to the elements.
The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery (TIGHAR): This group has conducted numerous expeditions to Nikumaroro, seeking to uncover more evidence to support this theory.

6.3. The Japanese Capture Theory

Another theory posits that Earhart and Noonan were captured by the Japanese military.

Espionage Concerns: In this scenario, Earhart’s flight was perceived as a potential espionage mission, leading to their capture.
Imprisonment and Death: It is suggested that they were imprisoned and eventually died in Japanese custody.
Lack of Credible Evidence: However, there is little credible evidence to support this theory, and it remains largely speculative.

6.4. The Alternate Landing Theory

Some researchers propose that Earhart and Noonan may have landed on a different island than Howland or Nikumaroro.

Misidentification: This theory suggests that they may have misidentified their location and landed on an uninhabited island.
Search Area Limitations: The extensive search efforts may have been focused on the wrong areas, leading to the failure to locate the aircraft.

7. Why Was the Lockheed Electra 10E Considered an Advanced Aircraft for Its Time?

The Lockheed Electra 10E was considered an advanced aircraft for its time due to its innovative design, construction, and performance capabilities. Introduced in the mid-1930s, it represented a significant leap forward in aviation technology, setting new standards for passenger transport and long-distance flying. Its combination of speed, range, and comfort made it a popular choice for airlines and pilots alike.

7.1. All-Metal Construction

One of the Electra’s standout features was its all-metal construction.

Durability: Using aluminum alloy provided greater strength and durability compared to the traditional wooden or fabric-covered aircraft.
Aerodynamic Efficiency: The smooth metal surface reduced drag, contributing to higher speeds and better fuel efficiency.

7.2. Twin-Engine Design

The Electra’s twin-engine configuration enhanced its safety and performance.

Redundancy: Having two engines provided a level of redundancy, allowing the aircraft to continue flying even if one engine failed.
Increased Power: The twin engines delivered more power, enabling the Electra to carry heavier loads and fly at higher speeds.

7.3. Retractable Landing Gear

The Electra was one of the first aircraft to feature retractable landing gear.

Reduced Drag: Retracting the landing gear during flight significantly reduced drag, increasing the aircraft’s speed and fuel efficiency.
Improved Performance: This feature contributed to the Electra’s overall performance, making it faster and more efficient than many of its contemporaries.

7.4. Passenger Comfort

The Electra was designed with passenger comfort in mind.

Spacious Cabin: The cabin provided ample space for passengers, making it more comfortable for long flights.
Reduced Noise: The aircraft was designed to minimize noise levels, enhancing the overall flying experience.

8. How Did the Media Portray Amelia Earhart and Her Lockheed Electra 10E?

The media played a significant role in shaping the public’s perception of Amelia Earhart and her Lockheed Electra 10E. From the moment she announced her plans to fly around the world, the media closely followed her journey, highlighting her courage, ambition, and the advanced technology of her aircraft. The media coverage not only celebrated Earhart’s achievements but also contributed to the mystique surrounding her disappearance.

8.1. Celebrating a Pioneer

The media portrayed Amelia Earhart as a pioneering figure, pushing the boundaries of aviation.

Courage and Determination: She was depicted as a fearless aviator, determined to break records and challenge societal norms.
Inspirational Figure: Earhart was presented as an inspiration to women, encouraging them to pursue their dreams and break gender barriers.

8.2. Highlighting the Lockheed Electra 10E

The Lockheed Electra 10E was also a star in the media coverage, representing the pinnacle of aviation technology.

Advanced Technology: The media emphasized the Electra’s advanced features, such as its all-metal construction, twin-engine design, and retractable landing gear.
Reliability and Performance: The aircraft was portrayed as a reliable and high-performing machine, capable of undertaking the ambitious round-the-world flight.

8.3. Creating a Sense of Adventure

The media coverage created a sense of adventure and excitement around Earhart’s journey.

Detailed Reporting: Newspapers and radio broadcasts provided detailed updates on her progress, capturing the imagination of the public.
Photographs and Newsreels: Visual media, such as photographs and newsreels, brought the story to life, showcasing the Electra in action and Earhart’s daring spirit.

8.4. The Mystery of Disappearance

The media’s role became even more pronounced after Earhart’s disappearance.

Extensive Coverage: The search efforts and the various theories surrounding her fate were extensively covered, keeping the story alive in the public consciousness.
Enduring Enigma: The media contributed to the enduring enigma of Earhart’s disappearance, ensuring that her story continues to fascinate and intrigue people around the world.

9. How Can You Learn More About Aviation History and Aircraft Like Amelia Earhart’s Electra?

For those fascinated by aviation history and aircraft like Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E, numerous resources are available to deepen your knowledge. Whether you’re interested in the technical specifications of historic aircraft, the stories of pioneering aviators, or the evolution of aviation technology, there’s a wealth of information to explore.

9.1. Museums and Archives

Visiting aviation museums and archives is an excellent way to learn about aviation history firsthand.

Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum: Located in Washington, D.C., this museum houses a vast collection of aircraft and artifacts, including exhibits on early aviation and pioneering aviators.
Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections: Purdue University holds a significant collection of Amelia Earhart’s papers and artifacts, providing valuable insights into her life and career. Address: 600 S Clyde Morris Blvd, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, United States. Phone: +1 (386) 226-6000. Website: flyermedia.net.
San Diego Air & Space Museum: This museum features exhibits on the history of flight, including displays on early aircraft and space exploration.

9.2. Books and Documentaries

Numerous books and documentaries offer in-depth accounts of aviation history and the lives of famous aviators.

Biographies: Reading biographies of Amelia Earhart and other aviation pioneers can provide a detailed understanding of their lives, achievements, and challenges.
Historical Accounts: Books on the history of aviation can offer a comprehensive overview of the evolution of aircraft technology and the development of the aviation industry.
Documentaries: Watching documentaries can bring aviation history to life through archival footage, interviews, and expert commentary.

9.3. Online Resources

The internet offers a wealth of resources for learning about aviation history.

Aviation Websites: Websites dedicated to aviation history often feature articles, photographs, and other resources on historic aircraft and aviators.
Online Archives: Many museums and archives have digitized their collections, making them accessible online.
Flyermedia.net: Flyermedia.net provides a wealth of information on aviation training, news, and career opportunities, making it an excellent resource for aviation enthusiasts.

9.4. Academic Institutions

Universities with aviation programs often conduct research and offer courses on aviation history.

Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University: This university offers a range of aviation programs and conducts research on various aspects of aviation history and technology.
University Libraries: University libraries often hold extensive collections of books, journals, and other resources on aviation history.

10. Why Does Amelia Earhart’s Story Continue to Captivate People Today?

Amelia Earhart’s story continues to captivate people today for a multitude of reasons. Her life was marked by courage, ambition, and a relentless pursuit of her dreams, making her a compelling figure in aviation history. The mystery surrounding her disappearance only adds to the intrigue, ensuring that her story remains relevant and fascinating for generations.

10.1. Pioneer and Trailblazer

Earhart was a true pioneer, breaking barriers and challenging societal norms.

First Female Aviator: She was one of the first female aviators to achieve international fame, inspiring women around the world to pursue their dreams.
Record-Breaking Flights: Earhart set numerous aviation records, demonstrating her skill, courage, and determination.

10.2. Symbol of Adventure

Earhart’s life was filled with adventure and excitement.

Ambitious Goals: Her goal to fly around the world captured the imagination of the public, representing the ultimate challenge in aviation.
Daring Spirit: Earhart’s willingness to take risks and push the boundaries of what was possible made her a symbol of adventure and exploration.

10.3. Enduring Mystery

The mystery surrounding Earhart’s disappearance continues to intrigue people.

Unsolved Enigma: The lack of a definitive explanation for her fate has led to numerous theories and speculations, keeping her story alive in the public consciousness.
Search Efforts: The ongoing efforts to find her wreckage reflect the enduring fascination with her story and the desire to solve the mystery of her disappearance.

10.4. Inspiration for Future Generations

Earhart’s story continues to inspire future generations of aviators and dreamers.

Role Model: She serves as a role model for those who aspire to achieve great things, demonstrating that anything is possible with courage, determination, and hard work.
Legacy of Achievement: Earhart’s legacy of achievement and her impact on aviation history ensure that her story will continue to be told for years to come.

Amelia Earhart in the cockpit of her Lockheed Electra 10E NR16020. The Sperry GyroPilot is at the center of the instrument panel.

Are you fascinated by Amelia Earhart’s story and the Lockheed Electra 10E? Visit flyermedia.net to explore more about aviation history, training programs, and career opportunities in the exciting world of aviation. Discover your potential and take flight with us today.

FAQ About Amelia Earhart’s Airplane

What was the registration number of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E?
Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E was registered as NR16020. This number was a key identifier for the aircraft and is often referenced in historical accounts of her flight.
Who funded the purchase of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E?
The Purdue Research Foundation funded the purchase of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E through donations made by several individuals. This support was crucial for acquiring and modifying the aircraft for her ambitious journey.
What type of engines powered Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E?
Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E was powered by two Pratt & Whitney Wasp S3H1 nine-cylinder radial engines, known for their reliability and performance.
What was the maximum range of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E?
The maximum range of Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E was calculated to be approximately 4,500 miles (7,242.1 kilometers) using 1,200 gallons of fuel, according to engineering reports.
What modifications were made to Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E for her round-the-world flight?
Modifications included additional fuel tanks, a navigator’s station, removal of passenger windows, installation of a Sperry autopilot, and advanced radio equipment, all aimed at extending range and enhancing navigation.
Where did Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E crash before her final flight?
Amelia Earhart’s Lockheed Electra 10E crashed on takeoff at Luke Field (NAS Ford Island), Honolulu, Hawaii, in March 1937, necessitating extensive repairs before she could resume her journey.
Who was Clarence “Kelly” Johnson, and what was his role in preparing Amelia Earhart’s plane?
Clarence “Kelly” Johnson, a young Lockheed engineer, conducted wind tunnel testing and provided a detailed engineering report to optimize the Electra’s performance, ensuring it was ready for the challenges of Earhart’s flight.
What is the Gardner Island hypothesis regarding Amelia Earhart’s disappearance?
The Gardner Island hypothesis suggests that Earhart and Noonan landed on Gardner Island (Nikumaroro) and survived for a short time, supported by artifacts found on the island that might be linked to their presence.
What type of landing gear did the Lockheed Electra 10E have?
The Lockheed Electra 10E featured retractable landing gear, which reduced drag and improved the aircraft’s speed and fuel efficiency, making it an advanced feature for its time.
Where can I find more information about aviation history and aircraft like Amelia Earhart’s Electra?
You can explore aviation museums, read biographies and historical accounts, visit online archives, and check out resources like flyermedia.net for more information on aviation history and aircraft.