Bot flies, also known as cuterebra, warble flies, or gadflies, are parasites that can affect small animals, including beloved pets like kittens and cats. While the adult bot fly might be seen briefly, it’s often the signs of their larvae that pet owners notice. Understanding what bot flies and their infestations look like is crucial for pet owners, especially in regions where these insects are common.
Adult bot flies are not frequently observed as they are primarily focused on reproduction and are active for a short period. They are often described as bee-like in appearance, sometimes hairy, and can vary in color depending on the species, often displaying brown, black, or yellowish hues. They are relatively large flies, which can be intimidating if seen, but the adult stage is less directly harmful to pets compared to their larval stage. The adult fly’s main role is to lay eggs, and they do so in a rather peculiar way, often using other insects like mosquitoes or ticks as intermediaries to reach a host animal.
The more common and concerning stage that pet owners will encounter is the larval stage. Botfly larvae, also known as warbles, are what develop inside a host animal. You won’t typically see the larvae in the open until they mature and exit, but you will see the effects of their presence. A botfly larva lives under the skin of its host, creating a noticeable bump that is often referred to as a warble. This warble has a small breathing hole in the center, which is essential for the larva’s respiration. The appearance of these warbles is a key indicator of a botfly infestation. They look like raised, sometimes inflamed lumps on the skin of the animal.
The signs of a botfly infestation are usually more visible than the adult fly itself. Look for these key indicators on your pet, especially cats and kittens:
- Swollen lumps or bumps: These are the warbles created by the larvae under the skin. They can appear anywhere on the body but are commonly found on the head, neck, and trunk.
- Breathing hole: Upon closer inspection of the lump, you may notice a small hole in the center. This is where the larva breathes.
- Discomfort or irritation: Your pet might scratch or groom excessively at the site of the warble, indicating irritation or discomfort.
- Open sore: After the larva matures and exits the host, it leaves behind an open sore. This sore will eventually heal, but it’s a clear sign that a botfly larva was present.
While botfly infestations are generally not fatal, they are certainly unpleasant for your pet and can lead to secondary infections if the sore is not kept clean. Recognizing what bot fly infestations look like – the warbles, the breathing hole, and the resulting sores – is the first step in getting your pet the appropriate care and ensuring their comfort and health. If you suspect your pet has a botfly infestation, consulting with a veterinarian is always recommended for proper diagnosis and care.
