Flying during a solar eclipse is a unique experience, but it raises questions about safety and regulations. Is it legal to fly VFR (Visual Flight Rules) during an eclipse if you aren’t night VFR or instrument rated? Let’s explore the legalities and practical considerations.
Day vs. Night: Defining Flight Rules During an Eclipse
The core issue is whether an eclipse transitions a flight from day VFR to night VFR, even if it occurs outside official night hours (between evening and morning civil twilight). Regulations define night flying based on the sun’s position relative to the horizon, not the actual light level.
Civil twilight is when the sun’s disc is no more than six degrees below the horizon. An eclipse doesn’t alter this definition. Therefore, even during totality (when the sun is completely blocked by the moon), if it’s outside civil twilight hours, the flight legally remains a day VFR flight.
Visibility Considerations During an Eclipse
Another concern is visibility. Does the reduced light during an eclipse make VFR flight unsafe? While the light level drops significantly, it doesn’t necessarily fall below VMC (Visual Meteorological Conditions).
Experiences from pilots who have flown during eclipses vary. Some describe the light as similar to heavy overcast or late twilight, with the horizon still visible. Others report near-total darkness, comparable to a moonless night. The degree of darkness depends on the type of eclipse (total or partial), your location relative to the path of totality, and the presence of clouds.
An image of a solar eclipse taken from an airplane. Note the brightness around the horizon even during totality.
This photo, taken at 9,500 feet, shows the darkness of the umbra during a total solar eclipse, but also highlights the significant light around the edges.
Practical Recommendations for Flying During an Eclipse
While flying VFR during an eclipse might be legal, it’s crucial to prioritize safety:
- Plan Carefully: Research the eclipse path and timing to understand the expected light reduction in your area.
- Monitor Visibility: Pay close attention to visibility and be prepared to land if it deteriorates below VMC. The rapid light changes can affect depth perception and make it harder to judge distances.
- Communicate with ATC: Keep Air Traffic Control informed of your position and intentions. Increased radio traffic is likely during an eclipse.
- Consider Alternatives: If you’re not comfortable flying in reduced light conditions, postpone your flight or choose a ground-based viewing location.
Official Guidance and Common Sense
Interestingly, there’s often no specific regulation regarding flying during an eclipse. However, pilots are always responsible for maintaining safe flight conditions. Some Air Traffic Control facilities might issue specific guidance or restrictions during an eclipse event.
Ultimately, common sense should prevail. If you have any doubts about your ability to fly safely during an eclipse, err on the side of caution. The experience of witnessing an eclipse from the air can be incredible, but it shouldn’t come at the expense of safety.
A breathtaking view of a solar eclipse from 39,000 feet. The extended duration of totality at high altitude offers a unique perspective.
